Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Essay - 1588 Words

This paper explores various elements and issues related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Topics briefly detailed include etiology, symptomology, diagnosis, neuroanatomy, neurotransmitter systems involved and treatments that focus on neurotransmitters. Emphasis is placed on such topics as cognitive decline and dementia; neurological change; and changes to neurotransmitters and synapses. Details concerning diagnosis and treatment are brief, but do elaborate somewhat on present studies into addressing specific changes in the brain through pharmacological approaches, cognitive therapies and physical exercise. At present, there are limited resources available for treatment of AD. While research continues to seek out more effective therapies, it appears that most only have little to moderate efficacy on this elusive disease. Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was initially described in 1907 by Bavarian neuropathologist and psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer, and today is defined as a progressive and irreversible decline in cognitive abilities related to memory, behaviors, functionality, orientation, communication, language, abstract thinking and learning (Jacob, 2013). According to the latest figures, AD affects 10% of adults 65 and older and almost 50% of those over the age of 85. There are as many as 4.5 Americans currently living with AD, and the estimated that upwards to 13 million we be inflicted with AD within the next 50 years (Imbimbo, Lombard Pomara,Show MoreRelatedAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1108 Words   |  5 Pages Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a form of dementia that affects 5 million people in the United States alone. One out of every three Seniors die of the disease just in the United States; 80 million suffering world wide making AD the 6th largest cause of death (climax) (Humpel 1; Alzheim er’s Association). AD is the most common dementia; affecting the neuroplasticity of the brain resulting in physical shrinking of the tissues; thus causing neurodegeneration. Diagnosis of the disease is complex, costlyRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pages Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, accounting for 65–70% of all cases (Jellinger, Janetzky, Attems, Kienzl, 2008). The other dementias are of the Parkinson s group, the fronto-temporal group and the vascular group. The total worldwide yearly costs for the treatment and care of patients suffering from dementia are estimated to be around 250 billion US dollars. The lifetime risk for AD between the ages of 65 and 100 is 33% for men and 45% for women withRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Essay1765 Words   |  8 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease is similar to a literal chipping block of the brain; it is like this conscious genetic machine that (fig uratively and) continually deep-fries brain cells and makes them clump up into masses that entangle many cognitive processes that allow an individual to be who they are. It is the slow progression into death where the mental faculties are ravaged and pilfered; the sinews that tie each and every neuron and synapse together. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a condition where thereRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1244 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer s disease(AD) wrecks memory and other essential mental capacities. Research has shown that numerous individuals with dementia, particularly those who are sixty-five or older, have brain impairments. All through the numerous periods of Alzheimer s disease, people appear to show any indication, yet harmful changes are occurring in the cerebrum. An unnatural deposit of proteins structure amyloid plaques and tau tangles all through the brain, and once the active neurons quit working, theyRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1112 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that is currently being managed by symptomatic treatment. The affected areas include the central nervous system (CNS) which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is essential in managing our thoughts, cognitive abilities, and our ability to interact with the environment. AD patients are known to experience symptoms such as memory loss in the early stages which develop into speaking difficulties to eventuallyRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )2192 Words   |  9 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a cognitive neurodegerative disorder and one of the major forms of dementia; it represents 60-80% of the dementia patients (Barker et at., 2002). It is estimated by the end of 2015, 53 million people of America would be affected and this would almost double by 2025 and triple by 2050, hence making research momentous for the cure (Hebert et al., 2013). It takes almost 8.5 years between the onset of symptoms of the disease and death (Francis, Palmer, Snape et al., 1998). AD affectsRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1068 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by ÃŽ ²-amyloid plaque formation caused by aggregation of ÃŽ ²-amyloid42 within the brain leading to a progressive decline in cognitive function and memory loss (2). Hyperphosphorylated tau protein is occasionally found in brains of AD patients with advanced pathology however, it is not necessarily an indicator of AD but considered a sign of disease severity (2, 4, Kosik et al, 1986). AD is separated into two subcategories followingRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1172 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a disorder that is characterized by degeneration of the hippocampal and cortical neurons of the brain – causing memory impairment and a decline in cognitive abilities. The current study by Ghoneim et al.1 focuses on the role of three proteins in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling is important for development and maintenance of normal neuronal circuits in the brain. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is expressed by astrocytesRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1361 Words   |  6 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD), according to Shan (2013), â€Å"is the most common form of dementia. It is a degenerative, incurable, and terminal disease.† (p. 32). AD is a disease in which the brain essentially deteriorates, is vastly progressive, and complex. Because there is no cure for this disease, scientists and researchers should continue seeking effective prevention measures. Alzheimer’s disease accounts for hundreds of thousands of geriatric deaths each year, and affects not only the patient, butRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad )1067 Words   |  5 Pageswith Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Alzheime r’s disease (AD) is a brain disease that slowly eradicates recollection, thinking skills and slowly the ability to perform menial tasks. Alzheimer’s disease is classified as the loss of cognitive functioning-thinking, remembering, and reasoning- and behavioral abilities to such an extent that it interferes with a person’s daily life and activities. (****1*) Dementia can vary depending on the types of brain changes such as Lewy body disease, (which are abnormalities

Essay about PWC Corporate Social Responsibility - 1469 Words

There is a debate about the level of social responsibility of multinational and national companies there days. Various books have been written detailing the right approach to the problem covering different perspectives. The ideology is well developed, however, there is a lack of current case studies analyzing what is really happening in the corporate executive level to support the society. There are many mission statements written about social responsibility, however, it is essential to examine how companies approach the projects and how they educate their employees to involve them in their plans. Social responsibility can be determined different ways, just as goals can be set for different causes. There are various motivations behind†¦show more content†¦Since the start of the program, 597.000 young people were educated and over 115.000 volunteers were trained by the program. PWC also works together with the Communities in Schools Chicago charity, providing financial suppor t for maintaining and improving the program. Providing a healthy environment and surroundings, the Chicago Parkways Foundation has also received contributions from the company. The First Giving Junior Achievement website features three teammates from the company, who seek donors for different charities. The team has raised over 1.7 million dollars for the organization. The fact that teams start up and join different voluntary organizations and charities show that giving back is truly a company philosophy, and the words are backed up by acts. Another important aspect of PWCs charity and voluntary work is the resources they put into research. As one of the largest international consulting companies, they are concerned about the efficiency and availability of public services. A comprehensive report about charity care issue in the United States has been published by the company to provide recommendations to new strategies in order to make these organizations more effective. It is import ant that that company focuses on giving back to the society, and through their reputation they are able to become the voice of theShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture And The Passive Resistance986 Words   |  4 Pagesthem from its competitors. Much of the challenge involved the organizational culture and the passive resistance from some of the executives. A strategy needed to be implemented in an effort to make a difference in PwC and to ensure sustainability and increase corporate social responsibility. They recognized the importance of having the community share the same values and vision of the organization. In line with Satterlee (2013), vision is best accepted and promoted by leaders who can help followersRead MorePractices Of Human Resource Management1544 Words   |  7 PagesPractices of Human Resource Management contribute to managing sustainability (corporate social responsibility) in the post bureaucratic era The emergence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been a new movement within the past fifty years, created in order to assign greater corporate responsibilities to businesses (Carroll, 1993). From business models making the switch between bureaucratic to post-bureaucratic constructs, the perception of a business organization is the ‘creation of society’Read MoreAustralia s Automotive Industry Overview1783 Words   |  8 PagesGermany and Japan. The labour market in Australia is quite unstable; many workers lose their jobs in a one year period and many people with no job are hired. From February 2012-2013, about 355.000 people were fired across Australia. Unemployment and social disadvantage in this industry are specially concentrated in the following regions: North Adelaide, parts of Melbourne and Geelong. Ford Motor Company of Australia (Ford), General Motors Holden (Holden) and Toyota Motor Corporation Australia (Toyota)Read MoreComparative Annual Report7272 Words   |  30 Pagesit has emphasize on applicable statutory requirements, corporate governance, and voluntary disclosure on corporate social responsibility and environment issues into these two different industries. Furthermore, analyzed the similarities and differentiation of statutory requirement applies by both companies. And find out whether these two companies have complied in corporate governance and discuss the application of corporate social responsibility and environmental issues. 2. BACKGROUND OF COMPANIESRead MoreThe Case Organisations Towards Sustainability2077 Words   |  9 Pagessustainability positive and negative have been discussed further to understand the level of balance and drift specially impacting the economic and societal cause. Contribution of the case organisations initiatives towards positive and negative environmental, social and human outcomes on their human resources has been assessed. Alongside application of the case organisation’s sustainability initiatives to other business environments has been explored to understand if one approach fits all. Heal or Heel? SustainabilityRead MoreCsr of Ibm1992 Words   |  8 PagesA report on Corporate Social Responsibility of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) SUBMITTED TO Rabeya Sultana, Assistant Professor, Department Of MIS, University of Dhaka SUBMITTED BY Akibul Kowser Pahlowan Student ID: 61222-15-055 Summer Semester 2012 Department of MIS. University of Dhaka. Candidate’s Declaration I certify that the report entitled â€Å"A report on Corporate Social Responsibility of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM)† submitted asRead MoreThe Human Resource Management Practices1967 Words   |  8 Pagesto managing organization’s sustainability in the past-bureaucratic era. Evans (n.d.) recognizes that sustainability of the organization entity in general pays attention to the three aspects of risks management during company operations: financial, social as well as the environmental risks and those three of perspectives usually are referred to essences of the profits, people and planet. Besides, according to a study which mainly figures out the approaches that enable organizations to fulfill sustainableRead MoreEmployee Engagement and CSR: TRANSACTIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACHES12982 Words   |  52 Pagesthe relevance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) for engaging employees, including its impact on their motivation, identity, and sense of meaning and purpose. It explores three different ways that companies engage their employees through CSR: a transactional approach, where programs are undertaken to meet the needs of employees who want to take part in the CSR efforts of a company; a relational approach, based on a psychological contract that emphasizes social responsibility; and a developmentalRead MoreMiners Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment organization and his main responsibilities were recruiting, training, motivating, utilizing and retaining the organization’s members. Therefore as a self directed and self motivated person, Shaw kept himself engaged with the organization, and spent time on networking within the firm and making suggestions where he felt improvement were necessary. On the other hand, Amy Middelburg who works on three major areas, supporting the international partnership between PWC and AIESEC, supporting the UKRead MoreQuestions On Human Resource Management2878 Words   |  12 PagesThompson and Dunn both had hospitality industry background before joining ARISE; their perspective towards corporate development was based primarily on increasing revenue. Thompson and Dunn were also the designer and advocator of the All-Star Team plan. ARISE emphasized on health benefits of spa treatments. One of their most important differentiating strategies involved the policy of PWCs (personal wellness coaches; chart 1), who were asked to provide specialty treatments and maintain an ongoing

Phase 1 †Intro to Economic Thinking Free Essays

Phase 1 – Intro to Economic Thinking ECON202-1302A-02: Microeconomics Colorado Technical University Joseph Keller 4/14/13 As prices increase, should health economists advocate giving something up (opportunity costs/trade-offs)? I feel that health economists should promote giving something up in as prices rise. The reason I feel this way is because as the prices increase a lot of people would not be able to pay for the services . So in this case I believe that they should consider lowering the prices, this in return should encourage people to continue to receive the services. We will write a custom essay sample on Phase 1 – Intro to Economic Thinking or any similar topic only for you Order Now The tradeoff probably would be lowering the salaries of some of the health providers. As the quantity of health services provided goes up, does the benefit of each additional unit of service become smaller (marginal analysis)? If the number of services goes up the benefit of each service would become smaller, because using marginal analysis every addition is considered less value. So if you use marginal analysis it will help you figure if generating different services will benefit your company (Cliff’s Notes, 2013). Discuss the issue of health care in the context of the following microeconomic concepts: Marginal analysis Marginal analysis in the health care industry for example would be if you were spending $1000 for 5 units of health service, sold in $200 increments, marginal analysis would work like this, if you were to buy another $200 you would get 1/2 units, if you bought another $200 you would gain 1/4more ,another 1/8 . So as you can see you could get to a point were buying more units would work negatively because you would no longer be gaining anything (Cliff’s Notes, 2013). Trade-offs /Opportunity costs Trade-off in the industry would be if a facility badly needed to add another unit, the trade of could be to lower some of the workers’ salaries in order to compensate for that extra money being spent. The opportunity cost is the money lost from the employees in order to get the extra unit needed. (Hubbard, G O’brien, and T 2013). Normative versus positive economics Normative economics deals with what the economy ought to be like or what particular policy actions ought to be suggested to attain a necessary goal. Positive economics is the part of economics that concentrates on realities and cause-and-effect relationships. Hubbard, G O’brien, and T 2013). . Should this decision be made in a centrally planned economy or a market economy? I think that health care in particular should be controlled by a centrally planned economy. These I think will promote a more fairly run system and decisions basically are made for the greater good. The reason that I feel this way is because if you let the market control the economy then they most likely would do what’s best for their self’s instead of what is best for all. If it was a market economy we would probably have the same problem that we have with the gas industry, prices steady rising until it is unbearable . People would still need the service but it would be on a must have basis (Hubbard, G O’brien, T 2013). At least now there are plans in affect to insure that everyone has affordable health insurance, along with things like Medicaid and Medicare. Is health care a macroeconomic or microeconomic issue? I think that healthcare is both because you have to look at it from both perspectives, on one hand healthcare is a microeconomic issue because it is the study of individual firms and their economics . I think the micro part of health care comes into play when you’re talking about individual offices and hospitals . Then it can be viewed as macroeconomics when you look at health care in the bigger sense, meaning health care as a whole. The macro part comes into play when you look at health care and government assistance laws etc. How would this affect production efficiency? Healthcare offers a unique subject, because if a person is having a life threatening issue, people will still obtain the services no matter the cost if they can afford it. If the health issue is not that serious then a person may shop around for trying to find the best deal available, or if they don’t have medical insurance they may choose to forego the procedure needed altogether. References Cliff’s Notes. (2013, April 14). Economic analysis. Retrieved from http://www. cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/Economic-Analysis. topicArticleId-9789,articleId- 9726. html Hubbard, G ; O’brien, T. (2013). Microeconomics. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc How to cite Phase 1 – Intro to Economic Thinking, Papers